Colombia

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the republic of the Gran in 1822 and other nations followed suit. The Gran existed only briefly, Venezuela seceded in 1829 and Ecuador followed in 1830. The remaining province, consisted most of modern day and Panama was named the Republic of Nueva Granada in 1831 and Santander was elected the first President. Two political parties dominated the region: the Conservatives believed in a strong central government and a powerful church; the Liberals believed in a decentralized government, strong regional power, and a less influential role for the church. Nine different governments followed, each rewriting the constitution. In 1861, the country was called the United States of New Granada, in 1863 it became the United States of , and in 1885, it became the Republic of under the Presidency of Rafael Nunez. In 1899 a brutal civil war broke out, known as the War of a Thousand Days, that lasted until 1902. The following year, lost its claims to Panama because it refused to ...

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