Deciduous Forests

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a fertile soil base. Soil type is an important factor for which
species of trees can thrive in an area. The general dominant tree species for
temperate deciduous forests are Beech, Ash, Oak, and in our region also Tulip,
Maple, Birch, and Hickory. Developed forests consist of four layers. The layers
are: canopy, sub canopy, shrub, and ground cover. This layering affect benefits
the diversity of the ecosystem by providing a rich variety of habitats. It is a
result of adaptation and competition for sunlight and shows the continuing
process of succession. The stratification of a forest, by intercepting the some
of the available sunlight at various locations, also creates micro-climates with
a wide range of temperatures and moisture conditions. The soil composition also
greatly influences the amount of water that is available to the plant species.
The composition of the soil, the various layer development and the nutrient
content are major factors in the survival of specific ...

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used to figure which species were dominate. Each quadrant also used a random
line intercept of 10 meters in length to determine the density of the bush
coverage of the quadrants. A soil analysis of both sides of the creek was also
conducted to determine the affects of a-biotic conditions on the species
recorded in the vegetation analysis. Multiple samples of the A1 and A2 horizons
were collected and analyzed using standard screening and drying stages to
determine soil particle size and moisture content. The measurement of the
specific gravity using a hydrometer while the soil particles are settling out in
a flask is used to calculate the percentages of sand, silt, and clay ...

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