Excretion And Elimination Of Toxicants And Their Metabolites

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of osmotic and electrochemical gradients. Both
the Loop of Henley and collecting duct are used to establish these osmolar
gradients. The tubule has a brush border that will absorb proteins and
polypeptides through pinocytosis. These molecules are sometimes catabolised and
converted into amino acids. and returned to the blood. Sometimes the
accumulation of these proteins can lead to renal toxicity
A second process that occurs in the tubules is tubular secretion. This is
another mechanism used to excrete solutes. Secretion may be either passive or
active. Secretions include organic bases, which occur in the pars recta of the
proximal tubule. Secretions of weak bases and two weak acids occur passively.
Other mechanisms involves the use of a mechanism that is called ion trapping. At
a certain pH the compounds are more ionized. Outside of the tubule these
compounds are non-ionized and are lipophilic. Thus they are able to diffuse
across the membranes of the tubule. Once inside, the pH ...

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