The Internet: How It Works And How It Effects The World

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IP (Internet Protocol), which enabled traffic to be routed from one net to another as needed. All the networks connected by IP in the Internet speak IP, so they can all exchange messages." (Levine 12)

Even though there were only two networks at that time, IP was made to allow thousands of networks. The IP is designed so that every computer on an IP network is compatible. That means any machine can communicate with any other machine.

The Internet, also called the Net, is the world's largest computer network. The Internet is the "network of all networks." (Levine 7) The networks are connected to big companies like AT&T, as well as to home computers. About 1,000 networks join each month.

Every computer that is attached to the Internet is called a host. Hosts can be super computers with thousands of users, regular PC's with only a couple of users, or specialized computers, like routers that connect networks together or to terminal servers that let terminals dial in and connect ...

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and AT&T has network 12, so a host number 9.12.34.56 would be at IBM, and 12.98.76.54 would be at AT&T." (Levine 19) Medium sized companies and universities have class B networks. "Rutgers University has network 128.6 and Goldman Sachs has network 138.8" (Levine 19) Small organizations use class C networks. Network 192.65.175, for example, is used by a single IBM research lab.

To make it easier the Internet uses names, not numbers. "For example, the machine we have heretofore referred to as 140.186.81.1 is named chico." (Levine 21)

When ARPANET first came out, they had simple names; the machine at Harvard was called HARVARD. But since there are millions of names on the Net they had ...

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