The Family of Schistosomidae

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develop into adult in the human making the disease more devastating, which will be discussed further on.

Recommend immediate short-term measures:

* Introduction of public hygiene programs emphasizing the importance of taking showers after swimming or educating people not to swim in contaminated waters containing where there are snails and cercariae.

* Water treatment

* Snail control with molluscisides. Molluscisides kill all of the freshwater snails.

* Praziquantel: Since the parasite jumps to humans, it is assumed that it has acquired the ability to develop into adult worms in the human host. Because of this, praziquantel is very effective for schistosomes in a single dose intake. It works by increasing calcium permeability in the adult worm, causing contraction of all of its muscles leading to paralysation which allows to be washed out of the blood in circulation and makes the worm more susceptible to host immune defensives.

The introduction of public hygiene ...

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are made.

According to the Schistosoma mansoni experiment published in the Parasitology Today, skin stage juvenile parasites were found to be susceptible to killing by both ADCC and CMI. However, when taking juveniles from the lungs and adults from egg laying stage, both were resistant to either killing method in vitro. Using a mouse model, when cercariae first infected the mouse, approximately 40% of the juvenile skin stage parasites were killed. 60% survived and migrated to the lungs where they became adults. It is evident that Th1 response is playing a role in the initial infection. Researchers then took eggs from mouse, injected them into a naive mouse and several weeks ...

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