The Skeletal System

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Periosteum functions to form and repair bone tissue.
7. Processes provide sites for attachments of tendons or ligaments.
8. The wall of the diaphysis is composed of compact bone.
9. Compact bone has a continuous extracellular matrix with no gaps.
10. The epiphyses are largely composed of spongy bone.
11. Spongy bone consists of bony plates called trabeculae.
12. A bone usually has compact bone overlying spongy bone with the relative amounts of each varying in differently shaped bones.
13. A semirigid tube with a hollow chamber called the medullary cavity runs through the diaphysis.
14. Endosteum lines the medullary cavity and spaces of spongy bone.
15. Endosteum contains bone-forming cells.
16. The tissue that fills the spaces of bone is called marrow.
17. The two forms of marrow are red and yellow.
C. Microscopic Structure
1. Introduction
a. Bone cells are called osteocytes.
b. Lacunae are tiny chambers that contain osteocytes.
c. Lacunae form ...

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as masses of cartilage that are later replaced by bone tissue.
B. Intramembranous Bones
1. Examples of intramembranous bones are the broad, flat bones of the skull.
2. Osteogenesis is bone development.
3. During their development, membranelike layers of relatively undifferentiated connective tissue appear at the sites of their future bones.
4. Dense networks of blood vessels supply the connective tissue layers.
5. Osteoblasts are bone-forming cells.
6. Osteoblasts deposit bony matrix around themselves.
7. Spongy bone can become compact bone as spaces fill with bone matrix.
8. As development continues, osteoblasts may become surrounded by matrix.
9. Extracellular ...

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