The Telephone

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called the handset. The
handset is usually made out of plastic and inside it are two main components:
the transmitter and the receiver.

THE TRANSMITTER

It is the job of the transmitter to turn the air pressure created by
your sound waves to electrical signals so they can be sent to the other
telephone. The waves hit a thin skin called the diaphragm that is physically
connected to a reservoir of carbon granules. When the pressure hits the
diaphragm, it shakes up the carbon granules. Then the carbon expands and
contracts, depending on what force is exerted. At two points on the outer shell
of the reservoir of the carbon are two outlets of electricity from the talk
battery. By applying voltage, a current is made and is passed along the lines to
the waiting telephone. At the other end the current is transformed back to
speech.

THE RECEIVER

The receiver turns an ever varying current back to speech. A permanently
magnetized soft iron core is covered in many turns of very fine wire. ...

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wires, man are you dead!

TELEPHONE HOOK SWITCH

Every time you talk over a line, you always need to disconnect. The most
simple thing to do is to let the handset sit down. While sitting down, the
handset can give force to a spring loaded operating arm, which is connected to a
number of switch contacts. When this happens, the phone disconnects.

THE PHONE RINGER

Once a call has been dialed through, the telephone of the person being
called must be given some kind of signal to let him/her know that he/she has
been called. This is when the telephone rings. This type of signal is generated
using an alternating current somewhere between 90 to 220 V with a frequency of
30 Hz.

But what if ...

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